553 lines
22 KiB
Python
553 lines
22 KiB
Python
import time, math, board, smbus2, serial, pynmea2, bme680
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import adafruit_ltr390, threading, os
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from datetime import datetime, timezone
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from collections import deque
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from influxdb_client import InfluxDBClient, Point
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from influxdb_client.client.write_api import SYNCHRONOUS
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from dotenv import load_dotenv
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from pathlib import Path
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BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
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def cfg():
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load_dotenv(BASE_DIR / '.env', override=True)
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load_dotenv(BASE_DIR / '.env.local', override=True)
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return {
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'INFLUX_URL': os.getenv('INFLUX_URL', 'http://localhost:8086'),
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'INFLUX_TOKEN': os.getenv('INFLUX_TOKEN', ''),
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'INFLUX_ORG': os.getenv('INFLUX_ORG', 'weather'),
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'INFLUX_BUCKET': os.getenv('INFLUX_BUCKET', 'station'),
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'GPS_PORT': os.getenv('GPS_PORT', '/dev/ttyS0'),
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'GPS_BAUD': int( os.getenv('GPS_BAUD', '9600')),
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'DEFAULT_LAT': float(os.getenv('DEFAULT_LAT', '0.0')),
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'DEFAULT_LON': float(os.getenv('DEFAULT_LON', '0.0')),
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'DEFAULT_ALT': float(os.getenv('DEFAULT_ALT', '0.0')),
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'GAS_REFERENCE': int( os.getenv('GAS_REFERENCE', '250000')),
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'PRESSURE_TREND_WINDOW':int(os.getenv('PRESSURE_TREND_WINDOW', '60')),
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'LUNA_CAL_SAMPLES': int( os.getenv('LUNA_CAL_SAMPLES', '20')),
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'LUNA_MAX_DIST_CM': int( os.getenv('LUNA_MAX_DIST_CM', '800')),
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'LUNA_MIN_DEPTH_CM': int( os.getenv('LUNA_MIN_DEPTH_CM', '2')),
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'AS3935_ADDR': int( os.getenv('AS3935_ADDR', '0x03'), 16),
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'AS3935_NOISE_FLOOR': int( os.getenv('AS3935_NOISE_FLOOR', '5')),
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'AS3935_WATCHDOG': int( os.getenv('AS3935_WATCHDOG', '3')),
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'AS3935_SPIKE_REJ': int( os.getenv('AS3935_SPIKE_REJ', '7')),
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'SKIN_TYPE_2_MED': int( os.getenv('SKIN_TYPE_2_MED', '200')),
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'LOOP_INTERVAL': float(os.getenv('LOOP_INTERVAL', '1.0')),
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'FLOOD_TEMP_THRESHOLD':float(os.getenv('FLOOD_TEMP_THRESHOLD', '10.0')),
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'SLUSH_TEMP_THRESHOLD':float(os.getenv('SLUSH_TEMP_THRESHOLD', '0.0')),
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'SNOW_STRENGTH_MIN': int( os.getenv('SNOW_STRENGTH_MIN', '700')),
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'SEISMIC_NOISE_FLOOR':float(os.getenv('SEISMIC_NOISE_FLOOR', '0.02')),
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}
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# ── InfluxDB ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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_influx_client = None
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_influx_writer = None
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_influx_url = None
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_influx_token = None
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def get_writer(c):
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global _influx_client, _influx_writer, _influx_url, _influx_token
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if c['INFLUX_URL'] != _influx_url or c['INFLUX_TOKEN'] != _influx_token:
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if _influx_client: _influx_client.close()
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_influx_client = InfluxDBClient(url=c['INFLUX_URL'], token=c['INFLUX_TOKEN'], org=c['INFLUX_ORG'])
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_influx_writer = _influx_client.write_api(write_options=SYNCHRONOUS)
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_influx_url, _influx_token = c['INFLUX_URL'], c['INFLUX_TOKEN']
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return _influx_writer
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def write(c, measurement, fields, tags={}):
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try:
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p = Point(measurement).time(datetime.now(timezone.utc))
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for k, v in tags.items(): p = p.tag(k, v)
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for k, v in fields.items():
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if v is not None: p = p.field(k, float(v) if isinstance(v, (int, float)) else v)
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get_writer(c).write(bucket=c['INFLUX_BUCKET'], org=c['INFLUX_ORG'], record=p)
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"[InfluxDB] {measurement}: {e}")
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# ── Helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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def try_init(fn, name):
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try:
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r = fn()
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print(f" ✅ {name}")
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return r
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except Exception as e:
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print(f" ❌ {name}: {e}")
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return None
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def try_read(fn):
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try: return fn()
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except: return None
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def s16(v): return v - 65536 if v > 32767 else v
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try: bus = smbus2.SMBus(1)
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except: bus = None; print("[I2C] SMBus init failed")
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try: i2c = board.I2C()
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except: i2c = None; print("[I2C] board.I2C init failed")
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# ── BME680 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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pressure_buffer = deque(maxlen=60)
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def init_bme():
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sensor = bme680.BME680(bme680.I2C_ADDR_SECONDARY)
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sensor.set_humidity_oversample(bme680.OS_2X)
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sensor.set_pressure_oversample(bme680.OS_4X)
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sensor.set_temperature_oversample(bme680.OS_8X)
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sensor.set_filter(bme680.FILTER_SIZE_3)
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sensor.set_gas_status(bme680.ENABLE_GAS_MEAS)
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sensor.set_gas_heater_temperature(320)
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sensor.set_gas_heater_duration(150)
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sensor.select_gas_heater_profile(0)
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return sensor
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def heat_index(tc, rh):
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tf = tc * 9/5 + 32
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if tf < 80: return round(tc, 2)
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hi = (-42.379 + 2.04901523*tf + 10.14333127*rh
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- 0.22475541*tf*rh - 0.00683783*tf**2
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- 0.05481717*rh**2 + 0.00122874*tf**2*rh
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+ 0.00085282*tf*rh**2 - 0.00000199*tf**2*rh**2)
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return round((hi - 32) * 5/9, 2)
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def absolute_humidity(tc, rh):
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return round((6.112 * math.exp((17.67*tc)/(tc+243.5)) * rh * 2.1674) / (273.15+tc), 3)
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def vpd(tc, rh):
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es = 0.6108 * math.exp((17.27*tc)/(tc+237.3))
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return round(es - (rh/100)*es, 3)
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def gas_to_aqi(gas_ohms, humidity, gas_reference):
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if gas_ohms is None: return None, None
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score = min(max(round(min(gas_ohms/gas_reference,1.0)*75 + (25 - abs(humidity-40)*0.5)), 0), 100)
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label = 'Very Poor'
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if score >= 80: label = 'Excellent'
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elif score >= 60: label = 'Good'
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elif score >= 40: label = 'Fair'
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elif score >= 20: label = 'Poor'
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return score, label
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def sea_level_pressure(pressure_hpa, alt_m):
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if alt_m is None: return None
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return round(pressure_hpa / math.pow(1 - (alt_m / 44330.0), 5.255), 2)
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def frost_risk(temp_c, dew_point_c):
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margin = temp_c - dew_point_c
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if temp_c <= 0: return 'High'
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if temp_c <= 3 and margin < 2: return 'Moderate'
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if temp_c <= 5: return 'Low'
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return 'None'
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def get_pressure_trend(window):
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if pressure_buffer.maxlen != window:
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pressure_buffer.__init__(window)
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if len(pressure_buffer) < 2: return None, None
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delta = pressure_buffer[-1] - pressure_buffer[0]
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label = 'Rising' if delta > 1.0 else 'Falling' if delta < -1.0 else 'Stable'
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return round(delta, 2), label
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def read_bme(c, sensor, alt_m=None):
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null = {
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'env_temp_c': None, 'env_temp_f': None, 'env_humidity': None,
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'env_dew_point_c': None, 'env_pressure_hpa': None, 'env_pressure_slp': None,
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'env_pressure_rate': None, 'env_abs_humidity': None, 'env_vpd_kpa': None,
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'env_heat_index_c': None, 'env_gas_ohms': None, 'env_aqi_score': None,
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}
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if not sensor:
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write(c, 'environment', null)
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return None, None
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try:
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if not sensor.get_sensor_data(): return None, None
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t, rh, p = sensor.data.temperature, sensor.data.humidity, sensor.data.pressure
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gas = round(sensor.data.gas_resistance, 0) if sensor.data.heat_stable else None
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aqi_score, aqi_label = gas_to_aqi(gas, rh, c['GAS_REFERENCE'])
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pressure_buffer.append(p)
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p_rate, p_label = get_pressure_trend(c['PRESSURE_TREND_WINDOW'])
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dp = round(t - (100-rh)/5.0, 2)
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write(c, 'environment', {
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'env_temp_c': round(t, 2),
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'env_temp_f': round(t*9/5+32, 2),
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'env_humidity': round(rh, 2),
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'env_dew_point_c': dp,
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'env_pressure_hpa': round(p, 2),
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'env_pressure_slp': sea_level_pressure(p, alt_m),
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'env_pressure_rate': p_rate,
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'env_abs_humidity': absolute_humidity(t, rh),
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'env_vpd_kpa': vpd(t, rh),
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'env_heat_index_c': heat_index(t, rh),
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'env_gas_ohms': gas,
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'env_aqi_score': aqi_score,
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}, tags={
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'env_aqi_label': aqi_label or '',
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'env_pressure_trend': p_label or '',
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'env_frost_risk': frost_risk(t, dp),
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})
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return t, rh
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"[BME680] {e}")
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return None, None
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# ── MPU6050 ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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MPU_ADDR = 0x68
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_mpu_peak = None
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_mpu_lock = threading.Lock()
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_mpu_offsets = None
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def calibrate_mpu(samples=200):
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if not bus: return None
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print(" Calibrating MPU6050, keep still...")
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sums = [0.0]*6
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n = 0
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for _ in range(samples):
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d = try_read(lambda: bus.read_i2c_block_data(MPU_ADDR, 0x3B, 14))
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if d:
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sums[0] += s16((d[0] << 8)|d[1]) / 16384.0
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sums[1] += s16((d[2] << 8)|d[3]) / 16384.0
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sums[2] += s16((d[4] << 8)|d[5]) / 16384.0
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sums[3] += s16((d[8] << 8)|d[9]) / 131.0
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sums[4] += s16((d[10] << 8)|d[11]) / 131.0
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sums[5] += s16((d[12] << 8)|d[13]) / 131.0
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n += 1
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time.sleep(0.005)
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if n == 0: return None
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return [sums[0]/n, sums[1]/n, sums[2]/n-1.0, sums[3]/n, sums[4]/n, sums[5]/n]
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def mpu_loop():
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global _mpu_peak
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while True:
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if bus and _mpu_offsets:
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d = try_read(lambda: bus.read_i2c_block_data(MPU_ADDR, 0x3B, 14))
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if d:
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o = _mpu_offsets
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ax = s16((d[0] << 8)|d[1]) / 16384.0 - o[0]
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ay = s16((d[2] << 8)|d[3]) / 16384.0 - o[1]
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az = s16((d[4] << 8)|d[5]) / 16384.0 - o[2]
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mag = math.sqrt(ax**2 + ay**2 + az**2)
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with _mpu_lock:
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if _mpu_peak is None or mag > _mpu_peak['seismic_magnitude']:
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_mpu_peak = {
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'seismic_ax': round(ax, 3),
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'seismic_ay': round(ay, 3),
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'seismic_az': round(az, 3),
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'seismic_magnitude': round(mag, 4),
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}
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time.sleep(0.01)
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def flush_mpu(c):
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global _mpu_peak
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with _mpu_lock:
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data, _mpu_peak = _mpu_peak, None
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if data and data['seismic_magnitude'] > c['SEISMIC_NOISE_FLOOR']:
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write(c, 'seismic', data)
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# ── QMC5883L ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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def read_compass(c):
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null = {'compass_x': None, 'compass_y': None, 'compass_z': None, 'compass_heading': None}
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if not bus: write(c, 'compass', null); return
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try:
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addr = 0x1E
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try_read(lambda: bus.write_byte_data(addr, 0x09, 0x1D))
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d = try_read(lambda: bus.read_i2c_block_data(addr, 0x00, 6))
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if not d: write(c, 'compass', null); return
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x = s16((d[1] << 8)|d[0])
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y = s16((d[3] << 8)|d[2])
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z = s16((d[5] << 8)|d[4])
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heading = math.degrees(math.atan2(y, x))
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if heading < 0: heading += 360
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write(c, 'compass', {
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'compass_x': x, 'compass_y': y, 'compass_z': z,
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'compass_heading': round(heading, 1),
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})
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"[QMC5883L] {e}")
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write(c, 'compass', null)
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# ── LTR390 ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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uv_dose_mj = 0.0
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uv_dose_date = datetime.now().date()
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last_uv_time = time.time()
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dli_lux_acc = 0.0
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dli_date = datetime.now().date()
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last_lux_time = time.time()
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daylight_start = None
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DAYLIGHT_LUX_THRESHOLD = 50
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def visibility_estimate(lux, humidity):
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base_km = 50.0
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hum_factor = max(0, 1 - ((humidity - 40) / 60)) if humidity > 40 else 1.0
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lux_factor = min(lux / 10000, 1.0)
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return round(base_km * hum_factor * lux_factor, 1)
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def read_ltr(c, sensor, solar_el, humidity=None):
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global uv_dose_mj, uv_dose_date, last_uv_time
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global dli_lux_acc, dli_date, last_lux_time, daylight_start
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null = {
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'light_lux': None, 'light_uvi': None, 'light_solar_wm2': None,
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'light_uv_dose_mj': None, 'light_burn_time_min': None,
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'light_cloud_pct': None, 'light_dli': None,
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'light_daylight_hours': None, 'light_visibility_km': None,
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}
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if not sensor: write(c, 'light', null); return
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try:
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lux = round(sensor.lux, 2)
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uvi = round(sensor.uvi, 2)
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except Exception as e:
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print(f"[LTR390] {e}")
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write(c, 'light', null)
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return
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now = time.time()
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today = datetime.now().date()
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if today != uv_dose_date:
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uv_dose_mj, uv_dose_date = 0.0, today
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if today != dli_date:
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dli_lux_acc, dli_date, daylight_start = 0.0, today, None
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dt = now - last_uv_time
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uv_dose_mj += uvi * 25 * dt
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dli_lux_acc += lux * (now - last_lux_time)
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last_uv_time = now
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last_lux_time = now
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dli = round(dli_lux_acc / 54 / 1_000_000, 4)
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if lux >= DAYLIGHT_LUX_THRESHOLD and daylight_start is None:
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daylight_start = now
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daylight_hours = round((now - daylight_start) / 3600, 2) if daylight_start else 0.0
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burn_min = round(c['SKIN_TYPE_2_MED'] / (uvi * 25 / 1000), 1) if uvi > 0 else None
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cloud_pct, cloud_label = None, None
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if solar_el is not None and solar_el > 0:
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cos_z = math.cos(math.radians(90 - solar_el))
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theoretical = 1361 * cos_z * 0.75
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if theoretical > 0:
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ratio = min((lux / 120) / theoretical, 1.0)
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cloud_pct = round((1 - ratio) * 100, 1)
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cloud_label = (
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'Clear' if cloud_pct < 20 else
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'Partly Cloudy' if cloud_pct < 50 else
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'Mostly Cloudy' if cloud_pct < 85 else
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'Overcast'
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)
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write(c, 'light', {
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'light_lux': lux,
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'light_uvi': uvi,
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'light_solar_wm2': round(lux / 120, 2),
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'light_uv_dose_mj': round(uv_dose_mj, 2),
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'light_burn_time_min': burn_min,
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'light_cloud_pct': cloud_pct,
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'light_dli': dli,
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'light_daylight_hours':daylight_hours,
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'light_visibility_km': visibility_estimate(lux, humidity) if humidity else None,
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}, tags={'light_cloud_label': cloud_label or ''})
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# ── TF-Luna ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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luna_baseline_cm = None
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def calibrate_luna(c):
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global luna_baseline_cm
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if not bus: print(" ❌ TF-Luna: no I2C bus"); return
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print(" Calibrating TF-Luna...")
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readings = []
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for _ in range(c['LUNA_CAL_SAMPLES']):
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d = try_read(lambda: bus.read_i2c_block_data(0x10, 0x00, 6))
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if d:
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dist, strength = d[0]|(d[1]<<8), d[2]|(d[3]<<8)
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if strength >= 100 and 0 < dist <= c['LUNA_MAX_DIST_CM']:
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readings.append(dist)
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time.sleep(0.1)
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if readings:
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luna_baseline_cm = round(sum(readings)/len(readings), 1)
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print(f" ✅ TF-Luna baseline: {luna_baseline_cm} cm")
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else:
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print(" ❌ TF-Luna: calibration failed")
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def read_luna(c, temp_c):
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null = {'ground_distance_cm': None, 'ground_lidar_strength': None}
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if not bus: write(c, 'ground', null); return
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try:
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d = try_read(lambda: bus.read_i2c_block_data(0x10, 0x00, 6))
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if not d: write(c, 'ground', null); return
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dist = d[0]|(d[1]<<8)
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strength = d[2]|(d[3]<<8)
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if strength < 100 or dist <= 0 or dist > c['LUNA_MAX_DIST_CM']:
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write(c, 'ground', null); return
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fields = {'ground_distance_cm': dist, 'ground_lidar_strength': strength}
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if luna_baseline_cm and (luna_baseline_cm - dist) >= c['LUNA_MIN_DEPTH_CM']:
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t = temp_c
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depth = round(luna_baseline_cm - dist, 1)
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kind = (
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'flood' if t is not None and t > c['FLOOD_TEMP_THRESHOLD'] else
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'slush' if t is not None and t > c['SLUSH_TEMP_THRESHOLD'] else
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|
'snow' if strength > c['SNOW_STRENGTH_MIN'] else 'ice'
|
|
)
|
|
fields['ground_calibrated_baseline_cm'] = luna_baseline_cm
|
|
fields['ground_accumulation_depth_cm'] = depth
|
|
write(c, 'accumulation', fields, tags={'ground_accumulation_type': kind})
|
|
else:
|
|
write(c, 'ground', fields)
|
|
except Exception as e:
|
|
print(f"[TF-Luna] {e}")
|
|
write(c, 'ground', null)
|
|
|
|
# ── AS3935 ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
|
|
|
|
lightning_distances = deque(maxlen=10)
|
|
lightning_count = 0
|
|
lightning_window_start = time.time()
|
|
|
|
def init_as3935(c):
|
|
if not bus: return
|
|
try:
|
|
addr = c['AS3935_ADDR']
|
|
val = (c['AS3935_NOISE_FLOOR'] << 4) | c['AS3935_WATCHDOG']
|
|
bus.write_byte_data(addr, 0x01, val)
|
|
bus.write_byte_data(addr, 0x02, c['AS3935_SPIKE_REJ'])
|
|
bus.write_byte_data(addr, 0x00, 0x24)
|
|
print(" ✅ AS3935")
|
|
except Exception as e:
|
|
print(f" ❌ AS3935: {e}")
|
|
|
|
def read_as3935(c):
|
|
global lightning_count, lightning_window_start
|
|
if not bus: return
|
|
try:
|
|
addr = c['AS3935_ADDR']
|
|
data = try_read(lambda: bus.read_i2c_block_data(addr, 0x00, 9))
|
|
if not data: return
|
|
interrupt = data[3] & 0x0F
|
|
energy = ((data[5] & 0x1F) << 16) | (data[4] << 8) | data[3]
|
|
try_read(lambda: bus.read_byte_data(addr, 0x03))
|
|
if interrupt not in (0x04, 0x08) or energy < 1000: return
|
|
dist = data[6] & 0x3F
|
|
lightning_distances.append(dist)
|
|
lightning_count += 1
|
|
elapsed = time.time() - lightning_window_start
|
|
if elapsed >= 3600:
|
|
lightning_count = 1
|
|
lightning_window_start = time.time()
|
|
elapsed = 1
|
|
strike_rate = round(lightning_count / (elapsed / 3600), 1)
|
|
trend = 'Stationary'
|
|
if len(lightning_distances) >= 3:
|
|
avg_early = sum(list(lightning_distances)[:3]) / 3
|
|
avg_late = sum(list(lightning_distances)[-3:]) / 3
|
|
if avg_late < avg_early - 2: trend = 'Approaching'
|
|
elif avg_late > avg_early + 2: trend = 'Retreating'
|
|
write(c, 'lightning', {
|
|
'lightning_distance_km': dist,
|
|
'lightning_energy': energy,
|
|
'lightning_detector_sensitivity': c['AS3935_NOISE_FLOOR'],
|
|
'lightning_false_positive': 1 if interrupt == 0x04 else 0,
|
|
'lightning_strikes_per_hour': strike_rate,
|
|
}, tags={'lightning_storm_trend': trend})
|
|
except Exception as e:
|
|
print(f"[AS3935] {e}")
|
|
|
|
# ── GPS ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
|
|
|
|
gps_cache = {}
|
|
|
|
def read_gps(c):
|
|
try:
|
|
ser = serial.Serial(c['GPS_PORT'], c['GPS_BAUD'], timeout=1)
|
|
line = ser.readline().decode('ascii', errors='replace').strip()
|
|
ser.close()
|
|
if 'GGA' in line:
|
|
msg = pynmea2.parse(line)
|
|
gps_cache.update({
|
|
'gps_lat': msg.latitude,
|
|
'gps_lon': msg.longitude,
|
|
'gps_alt_m': msg.altitude,
|
|
'gps_satellites': int(msg.num_sats),
|
|
})
|
|
elif 'VTG' in line:
|
|
msg = pynmea2.parse(line)
|
|
gps_cache['gps_speed_kmh'] = msg.spd_over_grnd_kmph
|
|
elif 'RMC' in line:
|
|
msg = pynmea2.parse(line)
|
|
gps_cache['gps_heading'] = msg.true_course
|
|
if gps_cache:
|
|
write(c, 'gps', {k: v for k, v in gps_cache.items() if v is not None})
|
|
except Exception as e:
|
|
print(f"[GPS] {e}")
|
|
write(c, 'gps', {
|
|
'gps_lat': None, 'gps_lon': None, 'gps_alt_m': None,
|
|
'gps_satellites': None, 'gps_speed_kmh': None, 'gps_heading': None,
|
|
})
|
|
return gps_cache
|
|
|
|
def solar_elevation(lat, lon):
|
|
now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
|
|
day = now.timetuple().tm_yday
|
|
decl = math.radians(23.45 * math.sin(math.radians((360/365)*(day-81))))
|
|
hour_angle = math.radians(((now.hour + now.minute/60) - 12) * 15 + lon)
|
|
lat_r = math.radians(lat)
|
|
el = math.degrees(math.asin(
|
|
math.sin(lat_r)*math.sin(decl) +
|
|
math.cos(lat_r)*math.cos(decl)*math.cos(hour_angle)
|
|
))
|
|
return round(el, 2)
|
|
|
|
# ── Main ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
|
print("\n🌦 Weather Station — Initialising...\n")
|
|
c = cfg()
|
|
|
|
bme_sensor = try_init(init_bme, 'BME680')
|
|
ltr_sensor = try_init(lambda: adafruit_ltr390.LTR390(i2c) if i2c else (_ for _ in ()).throw(Exception('no i2c')), 'LTR390')
|
|
|
|
if bus:
|
|
try_read(lambda: bus.write_byte_data(MPU_ADDR, 0x6B, 0))
|
|
time.sleep(0.1)
|
|
_mpu_offsets = try_init(calibrate_mpu, 'MPU6050')
|
|
else:
|
|
_mpu_offsets = None
|
|
print(" ❌ MPU6050: no I2C bus")
|
|
|
|
threading.Thread(target=mpu_loop, daemon=True).start()
|
|
init_as3935(c)
|
|
calibrate_luna(c)
|
|
|
|
print("\n🚀 Starting sensor loop...\n")
|
|
|
|
last_temp = None
|
|
last_rh = None
|
|
|
|
while True:
|
|
c = cfg()
|
|
gps = read_gps(c)
|
|
|
|
lat = gps.get('gps_lat') or c['DEFAULT_LAT']
|
|
lon = gps.get('gps_lon') or c['DEFAULT_LON']
|
|
alt = gps.get('gps_alt_m') or c['DEFAULT_ALT']
|
|
sol = solar_elevation(lat, lon) if lat and lon else None
|
|
|
|
result = read_bme(c, bme_sensor, alt_m=alt)
|
|
if result and result[0] is not None:
|
|
last_temp, last_rh = result
|
|
|
|
flush_mpu(c)
|
|
read_compass(c)
|
|
read_ltr(c, ltr_sensor, sol, humidity=last_rh)
|
|
read_luna(c, last_temp)
|
|
read_as3935(c)
|
|
|
|
time.sleep(c['LOOP_INTERVAL'])
|